Thread III emerged in the late-Cold-War Soviet Union as an attempt to reverse-engineer anomalous aerospace material, manipulate inertial mass with high-temperature superconducting toroids, and explain radar tracks of objects sprinting at double-digit Mach numbers along the Northern Sea Route.1
Western intelligence first heard the program's name during a 1989 GRU defector debrief and later confirmed its budget lines inside the Air-Defence Forces' Scientific-Technical Committee.12 A 250-page CIA file and the declassified ESDB-90-015 report show that its work ran in parallel with Threads I and II, which focused on directed-energy physics and re-entry-vehicle survivability.23
After the USSR collapsed the effort went dormant, but a 149-page dossier translated for the Defense Intelligence Agency's AAWSAP contract in 2010 revealed its scope and the role of Military Unit 73790 at Zhitkur.45 That translation shaped AAWSAP propulsion studies and fed directly into AATIP and today's AARO archives.6 A 2024 leak of briefing slides revived public interest and confirmed Thread III as one of the Soviet projects framing modern UAP policy debates.7
Timeline of major events
Technical objectives and findings
Organization and key figures
Western intelligence exploitation
The ESDB-90-015 file prompted CIA requests for additional GRU technical annexes in early 1990, ultimately yielding schematic drawings of superconducting "gravity generators."2 DIA analysts employed those drawings in 2008 to justify AAWSAP exotic-propulsion studies, arguing that Soviet work "exceeded NERVA-class nuclear performance without propellant."6 The 2010 translation became a keystone document inside CAPELLA, AAWSAP's digital warehouse of UAP data.16
Current status and legacy
Thread III never reached flight test — Russia's 1990s budget crash halted construction of its superconducting ring-accelerator.1 Yet its archived papers guide modern US interest in inertial-mass research and feature in AARO briefings on foreign UAP technology.5 The 2024 leak has renewed calls for full declassification of the 149-page report and remaining CIA holdings.79